{"id":8260,"date":"2011-05-11T22:42:14","date_gmt":"2011-05-12T06:42:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.unifiedmanufacturing.com\/blog\/?p=8260"},"modified":"2020-11-02T12:49:43","modified_gmt":"2020-11-02T12:49:43","slug":"mastering-engineers-guide-final-mixdown","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.unifiedmanufacturing.com\/blog\/mastering-engineers-guide-final-mixdown\/","title":{"rendered":"A Mastering Engineer\u2019s Guide to Final Mixdown"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><![CDATA[\u201cGarbage in, garbage out\u201d is a common saying among mastering engineers. The quality of the source material limits the quality of the final product. Most of my clients have no problem following my simple\u00a0preparation instructions, but they stop there. They figure once each mix sounds as good as they can get it, they\u2019re done. In fact, there\u2019s a higher level of refinement that pays huge dividends. I\u2019ll break it down in this mastering engineer\u2019s guide to final mixdown (which I promised in\u00a0an interview back in January \u2013 sorry for the delay!).\n1.\u00a0<strong>Choose a reference.<\/strong> Find a major label track with the tonal balance you\u2019re looking for \u2013 ideally something that hasn\u2019t been totally decimated in mastering, since you\u2019ll be comparing it to your unmastered tracks. If you followed\u00a0<a title=\"Keep Your Mixes Consistent by Using a Reference\" href=\"http:\/\/passivepromotion.com\/keep-your-mixes-consistent-by-using-a-reference\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">my earlier advice<\/a> on using a reference during the mixing process, you\u2019ll want to use the same track here.\n2.\u00a0<strong>Load in your tracks.<\/strong> I\u2019m assuming that you\u2019ve already rendered all the tracks for your release as stereo 24-bit or higher .wav or AIFF files, with no processing on the master bus, and that they peak\u00a0<strong>under<\/strong> 0 dB. If they hit 0 dB, that means they\u2019re clipped. Lower the gain on the master bus by 6 dB and try again. Once you\u2019ve got clean mixdowns, fire up your DAW and put each of them and your reference on separate channels, like so:\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.unifiedmanufacturing.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/gtfm_loadin.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-8262\" title=\"guide-to-final-mixdown-loadin\" src=\"https:\/\/www.unifiedmanufacturing.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/gtfm_loadin.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"498\" height=\"352\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.unifiedmanufacturing.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/gtfm_loadin.png 498w, https:\/\/www.unifiedmanufacturing.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/gtfm_loadin-300x212.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 498px) 100vw, 498px\" \/><\/a>\n3.\u00a0<strong>Trim each track down to a representative clip<\/strong>. We\u2019re going to use the loudest section of each track as a stand-in for the entire mix.\u00a0In most cases, this means trimming all but 15 seconds or so of the chorus. Be sure to solo each channel before you hit play so you don\u2019t blow your ears out! In fact, turn down your reference track by 12 dB right off the bat, since it\u2019s already mastered. You\u2019ll end up with something like this:\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.unifiedmanufacturing.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/gtfm_trim1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-8263\" title=\"guide-to-final-mixdown-trim\" src=\"https:\/\/www.unifiedmanufacturing.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/gtfm_trim1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"498\" height=\"352\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.unifiedmanufacturing.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/gtfm_trim1.png 498w, https:\/\/www.unifiedmanufacturing.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/gtfm_trim1-300x212.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 498px) 100vw, 498px\" \/><\/a>\n4.\u00a0<strong>Match volumes.<\/strong> Bounce between the reference and your mixdowns, adjusting volume levels until everything matches. Be sure to make the gain adjustment at the clip level, not on the channel, so you won\u2019t lose your settings when we\u2026\n5.\u00a0<strong>Line up all the clips onto a single channel.<\/strong> Alternate between reference and mixdown, like so:\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.unifiedmanufacturing.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/gtfm_lineup.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-8264\" title=\"guide-to-final-mixdown-lineup\" src=\"https:\/\/www.unifiedmanufacturing.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/gtfm_lineup.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"498\" height=\"199\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.unifiedmanufacturing.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/gtfm_lineup.png 498w, https:\/\/www.unifiedmanufacturing.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/gtfm_lineup-300x120.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 498px) 100vw, 498px\" \/><\/a>\n6.\u00a0<strong>A\/B compare your mixdowns and reference.<\/strong> Hit play and close your eyes. How does each mixdown sound immediately after the reference track? Bright? Dull? Muddy? Boomy? Take plenty of notes, and keep fine-tuning the volume of your clips.\n7.\u00a0<strong>Back to the drawing board.<\/strong> Use your notes to make adjustments to your mixes. Import your reference track into each of your projects if you haven\u2019t already. If a mix is too bright, an easy fix is to lower the hi-hats. If a mix is too bassy, ensure the low end is rolled off of non-bass instruments and\/or turn down the kick and bass (I detail the process\u00a0<a title=\"Tighten the Low End of Your Mix with a Frequency Analyzer\" href=\"http:\/\/passivepromotion.com\/tighten-the-low-end-of-your-mix-with-a-frequency-analyzer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here<\/a>). If a mix is too muddy, look at cutting some 200-400 Hz, raising some rolloff frequencies, or thinning out the arrangement. Don\u2019t forget to scan the entire track for consistency \u2013 not just the chorus.\n8.\u00a0<strong>Render, remix, repeat.<\/strong> Open back up our project, shuffle the clips around, take more notes, and keep adjusting your mixes. When they sound consistent, remove the internal reference track clips and shuffle them some more. Eventually you can eliminate the reference track completely. I can\u2019t stress enough how important it is to take frequent breaks! Continue to fine tune your mixes until they match to the best of your abilities, preferably over the course of several days.\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.unifiedmanufacturing.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/gtfm_noref.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-8265\" title=\"gtfm_noref\" src=\"https:\/\/www.unifiedmanufacturing.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/gtfm_noref.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"498\" height=\"199\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.unifiedmanufacturing.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/gtfm_noref.png 498w, https:\/\/www.unifiedmanufacturing.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/gtfm_noref-300x120.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 498px) 100vw, 498px\" \/><\/a>\n<strong>You may be wondering, \u201cDid I just master my album?\u201d<\/strong> No, but you made your mastering engineer\u2019s job a lot easier (easier still if you passed along the final volume levels of each of your clips). You minimized the amount of EQ your ME needs to use to create a consistent tonal balance, which means less phase coloration. It means that instead of correcting problems in your mixes, your ME can focus on finding the density and punch that best serves your music on a broad range of playback systems. It means no nasty surprises when you hear your mastered release for the first time, because your ME didn\u2019t have to cut 10 dB off the highs to tame that hi-hat you couldn\u2019t get enough of. It means better sound, and ultimately, better sales.\n___________________________________________________________________\n<em><strong>Brian Hazard<\/strong><\/em> is the head\u00a0<em>mastering engineer<\/em> and owner of <a href=\"http:\/\/resonancemastering.com\">Resonance Mastering<\/a> in Huntington Beach, California.]]>    \t<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Choose a reference. Find a major label track with the tonal balance you\u2019re looking for \u2013 ideally something that hasn\u2019t been totally decimated in mastering, since you\u2019ll be comparing it to your unmastered tracks. If you followed\u00a0my earlier advice on using a reference during the mixing process, you\u2019ll want to use the same track here. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":8262,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8260","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-unified-manufacturing-news"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v18.2.1 (Yoast SEO v18.4.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>A Mastering Engineer\u2019s Guide to Final Mixdown - UnifiedManufacturing<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Make your mastering engineer\u2019s job a lot easier so he can focus on more important aspects of mastering your music.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.unifiedmanufacturing.com\/blog\/mastering-engineers-guide-final-mixdown\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A Mastering Engineer\u2019s Guide to Final Mixdown\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Make your mastering engineer\u2019s job a lot easier so he can focus on more important aspects of mastering your music.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.unifiedmanufacturing.com\/blog\/mastering-engineers-guide-final-mixdown\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"UnifiedManufacturing\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/unifiedmfg\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2011-05-12T06:42:14+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-11-02T12:49:43+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.unifiedmanufacturing.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/gtfm_loadin.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"498\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"352\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Chris Bauer\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.unifiedmanufacturing.com\/blog\/#organization\",\"name\":\"UnifiedManufacturing\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.unifiedmanufacturing.com\/blog\/\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/unifiedmfg\/\",\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/unified_manufacturin\/\"],\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.unifiedmanufacturing.com\/blog\/#logo\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.unifiedmanufacturing.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/unifiedmfg-logo.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.unifiedmanufacturing.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/unifiedmfg-logo.png\",\"width\":358,\"height\":304,\"caption\":\"UnifiedManufacturing\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.unifiedmanufacturing.com\/blog\/#logo\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.unifiedmanufacturing.com\/blog\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.unifiedmanufacturing.com\/blog\/\",\"name\":\"UnifiedManufacturing\",\"description\":\"CD - 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